The carriage clock represents a significant advancement in horological engineering, with the first example invented very early in the 19th Century by the renowned Swiss-French horologist Abraham-Louis Breguet specifically for Emperor Napoleon. The subsequent period from 1820 to 1870 marked the pinnacle of carriage clock production, strategically coinciding with major technological developments in transportation and an increase in European travel among the gentry.
The case, usually plain or gilt-brass, is normally rectangular with a carrying handle and often set with glass or more rarely enamel or porcelain panels. A feature of carriage clocks is the platform escapement, sometimes visible through a glazed aperture on the top of the case. Carriage clocks use a balance and balance spring for timekeeping and replaced the larger existing pendulum bracket clock.
Rare models from makers like Japy Frères and Henri Jacot can command significant prices at auctions, collectors evaluate examples based on condition, original mechanisms, provenance, and intricate decorative elements.
The most sought-after carriage clocks feature sophisticated complications like perpetual calendars, minute repeaters, and elaborate engraving. Some incorporate additional functions such as alarm mechanisms or multiple time zones, reflecting the complex engineering of their era.